The volcanic lake of Grímsvötn on the glacier of Vatnajökull.

Iceland is an island nation in the northern Atlantic Ocean between Greenland, Norway, Scotland, Ireland, and the Faroe Islands.

Iceland has a history of habitation since about the year 874, when, according to Landnámabók, the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfur Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island. Over the next centuries, people of Nordic and Celtic origin settled in Iceland. Until the 20th century, the Icelandic population relied on fisheries and agriculture, and was from 1262 to 1944 a part of the Norwegian and later the Danish monarchies.

Today, Iceland is a highly developed country, the world's fifth and second in terms of GDP per capita and human development respectively. It is also the fourth "happiest" nation in the world. Iceland is a member of UN, NATO, EEA and OECD.