
Libyan Desert at Sunrise. Credit
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Libya is a country
in North Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north,
Libya lies between Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast,
Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the
west. With an area of almost 1.8 million square kilometres
(700,000 sq mi), 90% of which is desert, Libya is the fourth
largest country in Africa by area, and the 17th largest in
the world. The capital, Tripoli, is home to 1.7 million of
Libya's 5.7 million people. The three traditional parts of
the country are Tripolitania, the Fezzan and Cyrenaica.
The name "Libya" is derived from the Egyptian term "Libu",
which refers to one of the tribes of Berber peoples living
west of the Nile. In Greek this became "Libya", although
in ancient Greece the term had a broader meaning, encompassing
all of North Africa west of Egypt, and sometimes referring
to the entire continent of Africa.
Libya has one of the highest Gross Domestic Products per person
in Africa, largely because of its great oil reserves. The country
is led by Colonel Muammar al-Gaddafi, whose foreign policy
has often brought him into conflict with the West. |